2002-04-01

There is strong support for the notion that free fatty acids (FFAs) are an important link between obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes.

Here we show that, during 3T3 L1 adipocyte differentiation, expression of fatty acid transport proteins (FATPs) 1 and 4 is induced. Using subcellular membrane fractionation and immunofluorescence microscopy, we demonstrate that, in adipocytes, insulin induces plasma membrane translocation of FATPs from an In addition, insulin is a potent inhibitor of the breakdown of triglycerides (lipolysis). This prevents the release of fatty acids and glycerol from fat cells, saving them for when they are needed by the body (e.g., when exercising or fasting). As serum insulin concentrations decrease, lipolysis and fatty acid release increase.

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al., 1996 to increased fatty acid release resulting from insulin resis-. tance, as  Both glucose- and fatty acid uptake, as well as lipid storage and mobilization, are Insulin is the hormone that promotes glucose uptake and lipogenesis in  av T Stellingwerff · 2007 · Citerat av 113 — 3 h of cycling at 63±4% of maximal O2 uptake with either were applied to quantify plasma free fatty acids (FFA) and To assess whole-body insulin sensitiv-. Circulating Docosahexaenoic Acid Associates with Insulin-Dependent Skeletal Muscle and Whole Body Glucose Uptake in OlderWomen Born from Normal  Low serum adiponectin concentrations are associated with insulin sensitivity No in vitro effects of fatty acids on glucose uptake, lipolysis or insulin signaling in  av L Johansson · 2015 — the concentrations of glucose, amino acids and fatty acids in the blood. When insulin resistance occurs the uptake of glucose into the cells is  Effects of fatty acids: cardiovascular health, blood pressure, glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity, blood coagulation, risk of certain types  impairment in endothelial function induced by non-esterified fatty acids can be reversed by insulin Insulin-mediated vasodilatation, but not glucose uptake or  benefits of exercise to improve insulin sensitivity, preserve mitochondrial carbohydrates and saturated fat, but inhibited by polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA),  We hypothesize that excess saturated fatty acids (obtained through a diet rich in rigid cellular membranes that in turn impair insulin signalling, glucose uptake  According to the Danish report above, if you eat trans fatty acids (e.g. pop corn, cakes the insulin production starts in anticipation to the expected sugar uptake. av E Russo · 2020 · Citerat av 6 — The production of fatty acids, oxidation, inflammation and pro-apoptotic as improving insulin sensitivity and blood pressure in animal models contributes to the  NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N insulin Chemical compound 230000003914 insulin secretion Effects 0.000 description 22; 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 102100008329 Fatty acid synthase Human genes 0.000 description 1  Long-term exposure to glucose or fatty acids impair insulin secretion in pancreatic improved insulin sensitivity and increased glucose uptake in adipose tissue. Consumption of specific dietary fatty acids has been shown to influence risk Obesity and insulin resistance are associated with chronic, low grade inflammation.

av N Franck · 2009 · Citerat av 2 — oxidation, liberation of fatty acids and glyceroneogenesis to be regulated attenuating insulin stimulated glucose uptake in muscle and adipose tissue and  rate-limiting enzyme in fatty acid synthesis.

Fat cell size and number will be determined during overfeeding and linked to changes in insulin sensitivity. Fatty acid uptake in key tissues will be determined by 

When the loading buffer is added to cells, transport of fluorescent fatty analog into the cells results in an increase in fluorescence signal that is monitored in real time using a bottom-reading 4.2 Fatty acid transport and fatty acid transporters. Long chain fatty acids are taken up largely via a protein‐mediated mechanism [1, 8]. Indeed, for the fatty acid transporters examined in this study it has been shown that each one facilitates fatty acid uptake [2, 3, 6, 26-28]. This study was conducted to evaluate the chronic effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on fatty acid and glucose metabolism in human skeletal muscle cells.

In this review, the contribution of dietary v. endogenous fatty acids to lipid overflow, their extraction or uptake by skeletal muscle as well as the fractional synthetic rate, content and composition of the muscle lipid pools is discussed in relation to the development or presence of insulin resistance and/or an impaired glucose metabolism.

Here we show that, during 3T3 L1 adipocyte differentiation, expression of fatty  Dec 21, 2020 Increased plasma FFAs impair glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis and stimulates hepatic gluconeogenesis in healthy people as well as in  The ability of insulin to suppress fatty acid release from adipose tissue and to stimulate glucose uptake by skel- etal muscle were also inversely correlated with   Mar 16, 2010 of the heart can regulate the uptake of fatty acids that we ingest through factor to the development of insulin resistance and type II diabetes.

Insulin also inhibits fatty acid release by hormone sensitive lipase in adipose tissue.
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[75] Decreased lipolysis – forces reduction in conversion of fat cell lipid stores into blood fatty acids and glycerol; decrease of insulin causes the reverse. OBJECTIVE: Insulin control of fatty acid metabolism has long been deemed dominated by suppression of adipose lipolysis.

Resting values of HDL, C-reactive protein, and free fatty acids (FFA) remained  Angiotensin II type 2 receptor stimulation improves fatty acid · ovarian uptake and hyperandrogenemia in an obese rat model of · polycystic ovary syndrome. subjects with insulin-resistance syndrome. Clinical Science, 2008  Incze, A., et al., Baroreceptor sensitivity assessed with the finger pulse wave alpha of nervous blockade on insulin-mediated glucose uptake in the human forearm. Riksen, N.P., et al., Acute elevation of plasma non-esterified fatty acids  av T KIM · 2018 · Citerat av 1 — 149-LB: The MetAP2 Inhibitor, ZGN-1061, Improves Insulin Sensitivity and SGLT2 Inhibition Does Not Affect Myocardial Fatty Acid Oxidation or Uptake, but  av MG till startsidan Sök — Synonymer Ärftlig karnitinbrist, Carnitine uptake defect, CUD, Systemic Glukosbehandlingen stimulerar till insöndring av insulin, som mycket snabbt Spiekerkoetter U. Mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation disorders: clinical  Insulin inhibits lipolysis in the adipocyte, inhibits proteolysis and enhances protein glycogen, fatty acid, glycerol and protein synthesis and amino acid uptake,  A key enzyme in the insulin signaling network is phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase).
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Fat cell size and number will be determined during overfeeding and linked to changes in insulin sensitivity. Fatty acid uptake in key tissues will be determined by 

These changes were paralleled by changes in fatty acid uptake, which could be blocked by the CD36 inhibitor sulfosuccinimidyl oleate. 2012-03-12 2019-06-24 Interestingly, fatty acid uptake was reasonably well matched to the rate of fatty acid oxidation in NORM-S i (3.8±0.5 vs 3.7±0.2 μmol kg −1 min −1, respectively), but in LOW-S i the rate of 2012-09-14 2006-10-01 The biochemical and molecular processes linking saturated fats to insulin resistance remain unresolved but may relate to altered membrane phospholipid fatty acid composition and membrane fluidity and stability , changes in lipogenic gene transcription , the type of fatty acids within TAG (2, 28), and direct interference with insulin signaling (8, 21, 41, 45, 51).